Skip to content

Exam guide · Union Public Service Commission

UPSC Civil Services Examination

The three-stage route to the IAS, IPS, IFS and other All India and Central services.

The Civil Services Examination is held once a year in three stages: a preliminary objective test, a written main examination and a personality test. Only the marks from the main examination and the interview count towards the final rank; the preliminary stage is a screening round.

The preliminary stage is where most candidates are eliminated, and it is the stage mock tests prepare you for best: two objective papers on one day, both with negative marking, where time management decides as much as knowledge.

How it works

Stages

  1. 1

    Preliminary examination

    Two objective papers on the same day. General Studies Paper I decides who qualifies for the mains; Paper II (CSAT) is qualifying at 33 percent.

  2. 2

    Main examination

    Nine descriptive papers over several days, including an essay, four General Studies papers, two optional-subject papers and two qualifying language papers.

  3. 3

    Personality test

    An interview with a UPSC board carrying 275 marks, added to the 1750 marks of the main examination.

At a glance

Paper pattern

Stage / paperQuestionsMarksDurationNegative marking
Prelims · GS Paper I1002002 hoursOne-third of the marks per wrong answer
Prelims · Paper II (CSAT)80200 (qualifying, 33%)2 hoursOne-third of the marks per wrong answer
Mains · 9 papersDescriptive1750 counted + 2 qualifying papers3 hours eachNot applicable

Figures reflect the pattern used in recent cycles. Always confirm the current year against the official notification on upsc.gov.in.

What is tested

Subjects

  • Indian polity and governance
  • Modern and ancient Indian history
  • Indian and world geography
  • Indian economy
  • Environment and ecology
  • Science and technology
  • Current affairs
  • CSAT: comprehension, logical reasoning, basic numeracy

Strategy

How to prepare with mock tests

  • Sit full-length prelims mocks with both papers on the same day; stamina on paper two is a real factor.
  • Treat negative marking as a strategy problem: track your accuracy by subject and learn where guessing costs you.
  • Revise from your own mock-test error log rather than reading new material in the final month.
  • Practise CSAT separately even if it is qualifying; a surprising number of candidates lose the exam there.

Questions

Frequently asked

How many attempts are allowed?
Six for general category candidates up to 32 years of age, with relaxations for other categories as set out in the notification.
Does CSAT count towards the rank?
No. Paper II is qualifying; you need 33 percent to have your Paper I counted. Paper I prelims marks also do not carry into the final rank.
When should I start mock tests?
Begin sectional practice while finishing the syllabus and switch to full-length, timed papers at least three months before the prelims date.